Anne of Green Gables
Pippi Longstocking
Lauchlin from A Hornet's Nest (one of my fav childhood books)
Nancy Drew
Mad Magazine’s Alfred E. Newman
Little Orphan Annie
Charlie Brown’s eternal love, The Little Red-haired Girl.
Disney alone has done a good number of them, too:
Ariel from The Little Mermaid
Megara, the love interest of Hercules
Belle, of Beauty and the Beast
Anya, from Anastasia
What's her name, from Enchanted
Lola, played by Gwen Verdon, in Damn Yankees
Just what I can remember right now...I'll probably be back 
And what a fun post! 